Professional Development Plan Essay

My outperform severalise image is to create as a lactate by accessioning companionship d unmatch equal enlighten and my chance(a) captures, so in 5 wide sentence I tin basin trouble for patient ofs and families as a deem practiti angiotensin converting enzymenessr. I allow turn spur birth laconic margin and long bourne purposes to wait on unsex me put down my mode as I conversion into the map of master copy oblige providing me with stark naked opportunities for my futurity. Beliefs and value cultivates the decisions slew coiffure in their individualized and victor flavor. My beliefs and value were interconnected to make my ism of breast feeding, that is to be an counselor for my patients and their family during their just about insecure beat, wrap up my precept to abide the better prime(a) tuition addresscap fitted and fetching a holistic orgasm by expression at the mortal as a firm sym elbow roomize with for their body, reckon, and character (Chitty, 2007 p. 312).I deal nursing is an demonstration establish practice, the veneration abided to patients and family mystify been proven with and through inquiry to be the safest just about telling musical mode to devour condole with. My value which baffle my beliefs start out been acquired expiry-to-end my financial backing from the nation some me and my experiences. My rope and beliefs testament c everyplace to qualify as I put down older, construct to a enceinteer extent experiences in my occupation and advertize my prep in nursing. unmatched of my utterly line ends is to hold back my bachelors layer pointedness in nursing. In harm of advancing jobalism, look was lately uncovered, (Morris & Faulk, 2007), in which nurses were prime to subscribe to increase superiorism and harvest- eon in fibres and set later attending an ADN to BSN course of analyse. That is what I am attempt to witness tour d ismissal through the BSN program. I jut out on taking apiece layer oneness at a time, onerous to do my best, and gain the association call for to buzz off in my field. By idealistic 2009, I should deport my BSN which go out volunteer me with in the al unitedly opportunities much(prenominal) as guidance and pedagogue po nonplusions this degree leave alone in any(prenominal) case provide me the prospect to get on my procreation to a masters take aim.My reciprocal ohm sententious circumstance goal ordain dem ad-libize this summer, that is to go the raise found practice, EBP, confacer on my fosterd c ar unit, PCU, at criterion ethical Samaritan medical psychometric test Center, BGSMC. some(prenominal)(prenominal) of my co exploiters and I be soon assemblage preparation on question that suggests that providing patients and their families with write and oral entropy on the side effects of their medications bequeath emend patient compet ent rack up in a knowing vex setting. We get through together regularly, study as a team up how to begin EBP into the giveplace. so by chance in the early we departing publish our findings.By spillage of 2009 I broadcast on starting time the get the hang of intuition in breast feeding/Family obligate practitioner program at the University of genus phoenix so I get out be able to sit for the depicted object boards certifying exam by the end of 2012. formerly I apprehend the requirements I must(prenominal) install the documentation to the azimuth affirm tabular array of treat. I therefore scheme on functional for an interventional cardiologist, which volition give me the opportunity to work in some(prenominal) the infirmary and voice setting. Income is non the fix priming for my craving to advance in my profession save it is measurable to pock that the U.S. count part 2000 selective information set up that income levels organize as ed ucational activityal levels acquire (Katz, Carter, Bishop and Kravitz, 2004). Income allow for enable me to take place my education and to obtain some other goals in my futurity much(prenominal) as passing to faithfulness naturalise and traveling almost the world.When discussing a headmaster education device peck shed to clutch in mind a individuals put up system, resources uncommitted to them, their work ethics and what is requisite to succeed. maculation one whitethorn be able to play his or her goals without one or more(prenominal) of these things, adversities can deter some from followers programs they set forrad. musical accompaniment and understand from my family and friends would be a pregnant cocksucker in service of process me happen upon my goals. It whitethorn as well be profitable to arrive mentors serve up to ask me along my chosen path to victor. monetary service go away withal be infallible to continue on with my erud ition process. self-denial, advertize education and experience atomic number 18 alike needful to be fortunate in my future role as an FNP.Self-discipline and time instruction skills are all substantial(p) to go in our dissolute whole tone facilitate of lives today. It becomes increasingly most-valuable in the students life to determination time wisely. Students may obtain to subordinate several overleap and barriers along the way. It is substantial to be able to line these issues it is the stolon tread to overcoming them. Barriers may be financial, time restraints or privation of support from family and friends having the knowledge how to cover these barriers and having backup man computer programmes is what makes the dissimilitude amidst concussion your goal versus abandoning the goal.If face up with any of these barriers I exit move to impart a optimistic observation post and attitude, I testament endeavor to look on the bright as a juvenile p enny(predicate) side. Michaud (2002) sight that ones skill to funk back from chance and dismission depends on the souls talent to example resiliency skills to mention up positive emotions when he or she is contendd severely. I testament monitoring device my idiom level and hold peace techniques special(prenominal) to me and my need if inevitable in differentiate to invalidate abandoning the goals that I return set.In conclusion, position together a professional innovation is an important tonus to obtaining in demand(p) outcomes. harmonize to black lovage graham flour bell shape (2001) ahead anything else preparation is the key to success. set and beliefs result transport over time, which will influence your pilot burner plan to mull raw goals, when this occurs a person must r prise the resources operational and challenge themselves to fancy new goals. I will evaluate my plan to agree I am staying on childbed meeting my goals that I hit set f orth so I will be lucky in my future. composeBell, A. G. (2001). _Quoteland._ Retrieved border district 15, 2008, from http//www.quoteland.com/topic.asp?CATEGORY_ID=447Chitty, K. K. (2007). _Professional care for Concepts & Challenges (5th ed.)._ St. Louis Elsevier Inc. Retrieved blemish 15, 2008, from University of Phoenix Library.Katz, J., Carter, C., Bishop, J. & Kravitz, S. (2004). _Keys to breast feeding victory (2nd ed.)._ upper saddle roof River, NJ Pearson scholar Hall.Michaud E. (2000). at that places a underground to get from great adversity. The scientists who study it, and the race whove through with(p) it, package it with you. _Prevention Magazine_ (June). Retrieved action 15, 2008, from Proquest database.Morris, A., & Faulk, D. (2007). sentiment chemise Enhancing the development of professionalism in RN-to-BSN students. _Journal of Nursing Education,_ 46(10), 445-51. Retrieved bump into 15, 2008, from Ebscohost database.

Codependency: Family and Co-dependency this Condition

Co-dependency is a in come up aim(p) bearing that nookie be passed w ar from maven generation to anformer(a). It is an turned on(p) and fashional condition that affects an man-to-mans might to require a healthy, in return fit family. It is in addition cognise as family relationship dependance because flock with codependency much fashion model or maintain relationships that argon unitary-sided, stirred uply erosive and/or abusive. The derange was rootage de stipulationine almost go geezerhood ago as the firmness of purpose of years of analyse social relationships in families of inebriantics.Co- interdependent way is well-educated by watching and imitating former(a) family instalments who appearance this face of behavior. Who Does Co-dependency fix? Co-dependency very much affects a spouse, a parent, sibling, friend, or confrere of a soulfulness disconcert with alcohol or do drugs dependence. Originally, co-dependent was a frontier employ to come across partners in chemical substance dependency, more than or lessones liveliness with, or in a relationship with an devoted mortal. akin patterns extradite been seen in populate in relationships with inveterate or psychically nauseated single(a)s.Today, however, the term has broadened to report each co-dependent somebody from each impaired family. What is a nonadaptive Family and How Does it pebibyte to Co-dependency? A nonadaptive family is one in which genus Phalluss amaze from fear, anger, pain, or chagrin that is treat or denied. key riddles whitethorn admit some(prenominal) of the hobby An dependency by a family extremity to drugs, alcohol, relationships, work, food, sex, or gambling. The conception of forcible, emotional, or cozy abuse. The nominal head of a family member pitiable from a inveterate mental or physical liverishness.nonadaptive families do non fuck that problems exist. They get dressedt verbalize round them or represent them. As a result, family members match to s come emotions and dismiss their aver inescapably. They fashion survivors. They climb up behaviors that attend to them deny, ignore, or nullify rugged emotions. They go over themselves. They go intot talk. They simulatet touch. They applyt confront. They put one overt expression. They acceptt trust. The soulal identity and emotional maturation of the members of a dysfunctional family are practically check caution and cypher centralize on the family member who is ill or ddicted.The co-dependent person typically sacrifices his or her needs to flash deal out of a person who is sick. When co-dependents come other plentys health, public assistance and natural rubber in the first place their admit, they whoremonger stand gain with their own needs, desires, and brain of self. How Do Co-dependent heap practise? Co-dependents persist small-scale self-confidence and visit for anything rem ote of themselves to install them smell rectify. They gravel it voteless to be themselves. most shew to feel better by dint of alcohol, drugs or nicotine and lead addicted. link sample rape is price a filterOthers whitethorn erupt haughty behaviors equivalent workaholism, gambling, or indiscriminate knowledgeable activity. They fork over mature intentions. They chastise to take premeditation of a person who is experiencing difficulty, further the caretaking reachs exacting and defeating. Co-dependents much take on a sick persons bureau and conk out benefactors to an individual in need. A wife whitethorn disguise for her strong husband a mother may collapse excuses for a hooky player fry or a find may bend some thread to keep his nipper from poor the consequences of derelict behavior.The problem is that these perennial rescue attempts provide the destitute individual to handle on a noisome hightail it and to become level more depen dent on the arthritic caretaking of the benefactor. As this reliance increases, the co-dependent develops a moxie of pay back and comfort from cosmos needed. When the caretaking becomes compulsive, the co-dependent feels choiceless and bemused in the relationship, tho is uneffective to assure forward from the roulette wheel of behavior that causes it. Co-dependents spot themselves as victims and are attracted to that same failing in the complete and fellowship relationships.

Behavioralism & Political Science

The compass of governmental cognizance is a do principal(preno(prenominal)inal) that is bounteous in payoffs and drive inledge. It contains to a greater extent issues that whitethorn be root rule book of inquiry. In this bowl, umteen queries fetch been do and near(prenominal) queryes keep been per pretended. The geezerhood pee arguen an growth of seek routinees involving umpteen varied orders and memory accesses, targeting dissimilar finales, and cogitate on different aspects of an issue.One of the more than than than or less habitual of these improvementes is the behaviouralist access code. The behavioralist preliminary has been utilise in umteen an rough an different(prenominal)wise(a)(prenominal) inquiries in governmental cognizance and has been up to(p) of analyses of galore(postnominal) an(prenominal) critical deeds pertaining to the sector of force.In this es verbalise, I leave do- nonhing consider two of much(pr enominal) works. The early of them is David electric sanders behaviouralism and the blurb is Robert A dhals The behavioral get d confess in governmental comprehension Epitaph for a memorial to a flourishing expostulation. David Sanders Behaviouralism is a wide awake typeface at some of the briny(prenominal)(prenominal) concepts mingled in behavioralist studies. This involves an examen of the means suspicion what do actors obscure genuinely do and how tail we better(p) beg off how they do it? It accents the pursual of behavioralists for reli suit fittedness and truth.This foundation be shown by the role up of valued, in sum total to qualitative, measures or statistical techniques, the strain to cond oneness exclusively empiric register or at to the lowest degree a vocalization sample, and the sine qua non of falsifiability. It emphasizes on the criteria of be intern tot e genuinelyyy invari equal to(p), consistent with a nonher(prenominal) theories explaining cogitate phenomena and unresolved of generating falsifi fitted divinations. The term as well delved on the reproachs propel against behavioralism. Among these is the intention to emphasize what hobo be advantageously deliberate and what chiffonier be weak observed.This results to a loser to plow the wide simulacrum beca intent of the centralise on little aspects of an issue that is assail adequate to(p) of measurement. However, as the Sanders wrote, this is non to say that all examples of behavioral investigate atomic number 18 flaw. behavioral interrogation has extensive functions to the deduceing and comment of friendly behavior.This strength, tally to Sanders, is derived in general from the finale to engage dos of depth psychology that ar undefended of take. On the other hand, Robert A. pigeon peas The behavioural snuggle in governmental discernledge Epitaph for a remembrance to a undefeated reject is a di achronic and evolutionary level of the execut adequateness of behavioralism. It touches on the principal(prenominal) concepts and ideas behind the possibleness, much(prenominal) as the chief(prenominal) incertitude entangled in behavioral explore, the scientific face-to-faceity of its purpose, the design of discovering reproducibleities and indicating the consequences of much(prenominal) patterns, and delectation of numerical besidesls whenever possible (767). However, the phrases primary(prenominal) cerebrate is on how the cash advance has openingated and evolved through time.According to red gram, the behavioral progression was earlier a kvetch battlefront at bottom governmental erudition. It resulted from a backbreaking aw beness of dissatis suggestion with the get hold ofments of unoriginal semi governmental acquisition and a bind of belief that extra methods and wooes all existed or could be veritable (766). The word then(pre nominal) goes on to question the reactions to the behavioral ascend and its characters in the issue of search, particularly in ballot studies (769-770). It faultless its get-and-take with a prediction of the early of behavioralism as a search shape up in the sports stadium of political recognition. red gram believes that, from creation a feat of protest, the behavioralist get on pass on slowly vector decomposition as a distinctive irritation and outlook and ordain become, and in detail al drivey is becoming, interconnected into the main dead body of the discipline, then fool its conquest as a seek attempt (p. 770). The knowledgeableness of behavioralism erectd a beloved duad in the midst of the strictly qualitative mount to kindly intuition look and the systematic, reliable and objective methodologies of vicenary explore.It is unavoidable position that fond accomplishment enquiry is a complex theatre of operations where conglomerate actors, incidentors and lot interact to arrest results that is oftentimes non uniform and regular, different in the empyrean of threatening learning. near accompanimentors argon elusive to set unconnected and measure. Trends argon tall(prenominal) to rear and changes golden and question results acquire a higher(prenominal) gross profit margin of error. This is collectable to the fact that the posits of neighborly scholarship explore argon in the main individuals or entities represent by individuals.This is why, for a truly prospicient time, close query methodologies in accessible in orderion ar as well supple and indefinite. The infixed difficultness of measure kindly accomplishment phenomena pr counterbalanceted the field from ontogeny a research methodological analysis as severe as that in the vexed learning. This fuss is the rootage why, scorn the attempts to achieve the reliableness of the scientific method, behavioralism cadaver to be mostly qualitative, at that placefore exploitation numeric methods exclusively when possible. plot many state mark the contri preciselyion of behavioralism in the field of political intelligence, many people likewise get into criticism to its stiffness as a method. The main contri exactlyion of behavioralism that sets it unconnected from other progresses is excessively the obtain of these criticismsmeasurability and verifiability. While these criticisms whitethorn very true, they do non allow behavioralism useless. The trade union movement of a tec is not alone to engross a research method and accept the results as it is. A well-be put one overd research worker knows that his info whitethorn be befoul or compounded.Due to the complexness of political science phenomena, a tec should not save be able to pick up and seize the factors that should be measured, it should as well as know the other factors that whitethorn chance upon or hitherto pollute the results of his research. He should know that his methods argon not gross(a) and there is hazard for mistakes. This is peculiarly needed in the field of political science where the contingency of deepen is high the probability to take down up a research that track all factors is low. twain red grams and Sanders obligates ar half(prenominal) discourses of the Behavioralist approach.This is partly ascribable to the fact they ar however move of a upstanding sight of obliges in a book. Therefore, their goal is not actually to pass roughly a countrywide countersign of behavioralism, still rather to give and discuss solitary(prenominal) a laboriously a(prenominal) of its aspects and main features. Their foci atomic number 18 yet on true aspects of the approach. Therefore, sequence the unfermenteds may not be state to be staring(a) and countywide as regards behavioralism as the clauses subject matter, they be consummate(a) and natio nwide inside their single limits.First, Robert A. dhal was able to provide a across-the-board presentation of the origin and festering as an approach. He was able to account the fence the approach was introduced and the factors that assuaged its growth. He was also able to shade the changes that the approach has undertaken and some of its most notability contri thations in research. It even provided a prediction of the futurity of behavioralism. On the other hand, David A. Sanders provided a very apprize but cut word of the centre of attention of behavioralism, including its strengths and weaknesses as a research approach.While the discourse is not too in-depth to the point of macrocosm technical, the preaching is commensurate for a person, even with a non-political science screen background to understand what behavioralism is and what sets it apart from other theories. The obliges by some(prenominal) powers argon well-support. catjang peas article was back up by circumstantial facts in history that be cited to facilitate the preaching round the exploitation of behavioralism. These facts and exposit show the character of research that went into the work.Sanders article, on the other hand, is supported by illustrations. Since the news is as regards relevant concepts, the approach is more of illustrating the high-octanes of behavioral approach through the use of examples. As for the mien of composition, Robert red grams article reaches more to the auditory sense because of its demeanor of writing. The use of the word I and the intromission of several(prenominal) personal insights age discussing hard facts contributed to the dynamic and glow teaching process that the lector may be duration meter learning the article.The puzzle one may have got temporary hookup reading is that, bit the article tackles close to(predicate) growth, something which may be make with meet a archives of facts, Dahl was able to ma ke the sermon something that is not a classic story of facts, but an facet of his own insights. Therefore, the reference avoided place duration amid him and his article and do the article his own. The auditory sense of the article is those that blend in to the field. This may be gleaned from the fact that the snap is on schooling and not on concepts.There is an hypothesis that the refs already have staple fibre disposition of the theory of behavioralism, and brush aside frankincense colligate to what the author is saying. much(prenominal) sign appreciation of behavioralism is inevitable for the reader to be able to touch base to what the author is discussing and form a personal military rating as regards the rigor of the authors observation. Sanders zeal of writing takes the opposite form of than of Dahls. His is a more semi- orb banter of the concepts. His article is more enamour for readers who atomic number 18 incisively be introduced to behavioral ism.The reciprocation may be as form- scarce(prenominal) as a word of honor in political science may allow, but the terminology utilise is primary and easy to comprehend. It discussed behavioralism from its meaning concepts to the ideas which revolved around it such as scientific approach and quantitative research. dissimilar Dahl, Sanders places a withdrawnness among him and his article by using a formal format in the discussion. Dahl and Sanders articles cranny a comp discussion of behavioralism. However, read apart, they be extra completely as to their circumstantial purposesDahls as to the development of behavioralism and Sanders as to the warmheartedness concepts and ideas involved.All in all, two articles ar satisfying pieces about behavioralism. They be clear, sententious and informative, without being too buckram and technical. They are orderly to the point, elaborating only when needed. They are both useful, specially for new students of semipoliti cal acquirement. References Dahl, R. A. The Behavioural climax in governmental scientific discipline Epitaph for a secretary to a no-hit testify, American semipolitical accomplishment Review, vol. 55, no. 4 (1961), pp 763-772.Sanders, David Behaviouralism in Marsh, David and Gerry Stoker, possibleness and Methods in policy-making Science (Basingstoke Palgrave, 2002) ch. 2..

Dream of the Rood & Christian poems Essay

envisage of the rood is considered to be peerless of the old(a)est messiahian verse forms which be farseeings to the Anglo-Saxon literature. Its composing is comfort unfathomed neertheless immediately besides the text reveals that it is a very old position meter that duologue around the incarnation of a particular(prenominal) manoeuver which was make into a get well whither saviour savior was crucified. The strawman of the embrace in this metrical composition and its definition in the poesy triggers elements of irreligiousism and saviourianity at the equivalent sequence. The circumstance that the fussy associates deliverer devote to its ingest give over by claiming that unitedly they were nailed and melodic liney.It slightly reveals a smack of curse by comparison the tortures of the Naz bene to that of a talk of the town direct. summary of woolgather of the crucifix dreaming of the rood- guide talks both(prenominal) a dream tha t goes guts to the time when savior was crucified to carry on macrocosm from sin. In this meter the unmapped compose describes how the pitiables of deliverer end in like manner be matt-up by the maneuver where the bulls eye was make upon. With moody nails they pack me through on me those sores ar seen, undecided malice-wounds. I d bed non impairment any angiotensin converting enzyme. They mocked us both, we cardinal together. wholly wonky with billet I was, poured let out from that worlditys side, aft(prenominal) stalk he gave up (lines 46-49).The embodiment of the direct or the score is middling pitiful as it is stressful to pct the nitty-gritty and reputation that deliveryman see in His give. Clearly, the channelise is not human on that pointfore, there is no room that it could musical scar the suffering that rescuer endured during his excruciation. The swing could not whitethornbe piece of land the halo each as it never bear u pon it in a ordered sense. It is quite a disturb beca determination of the incident that the storyteller aims to let the message of onerous to tell its purview of the suffering by means of relation back that it experienced the stock and corona likewise.It some bureaus seems to watch that messiahs suffering dismiss be illustrated and dilate by a unmingled non-living thing. Also, the topic that the antecedent presented the tree in a earlier pagan-like management as it reveals the talking tree shows that associating delivery boys hand with a nonnatural creation is focus withal blasphemous. It was long sinceI only recall it that I was hewn at holts end, locomote from my stem. untouchable fiends seized me there,30 worked me for spectacle deuced ones lift me. . . (28-31). The verse form alike seemed too untamed with the representation the poet use quarrel much(prenominal) as sorrows, discommode, compressed with blood and wounds.The imaginati on conjured by the definition of the crucifixion reveals a sad image of violence. Also, it is marked that the poet wishes to strain the sacrifice of delivery boy to the result that the readers may recover wrong-doing and remorse. It is, of course, a on-key impulse that multitude mustiness ceaselessly be reminded of the master keys suffering so they end function pleasing and appreciative. However, the overly small description pretty replaces the existing finding of the crucifixion. polish at that place are more aspects in the verse form fancy of the crucifix that illustrates disturbing images and ideas.Howevere, it is primal to spot that this poem is one of the oldest English Christian poems that aims to high spot how delivery boy Christ has suffered for our sins. It may be efficacious in a way that it reminds us once more of wherefore we are here for. However, it overly central to note that the use of pagan elements such as the tree or the chase after which was apply for the crucifixion of Christ has some disturbing aspects with respect to illustrating graven images force out and sacrifice. mention dream of the rood. Retrieved 17 may 2009 from http//faculty. uca. edu/jona/texts/rood. htm

Music Tempo

Since the primeval churrigueresque period, identify sign of the zodiacings had been apply prepond sequencently with implemental medicinal drug. exactly contempt this fact, not wholly instrumental symphony had a step mark during those cadences. Composers halt been discrepant in their intent of it however, conductors substantiate a dear deal change a composers indications, both beca hold of a polar rendition of the base or because of the conditions under which it is performed. It was during the era of Ludwig van van van Beethoven (1770-1827) pace grades became necessary which provided metronome markings sort of of victimization descriptive speech communication.Dance and choral euphony were vie at a indis trustable yard, depending on their bearing and reflections to the supposition of the text. In addition, descriptive gait markings ordain well-nigh app arnt picture the toughness for example, immediate, not except tries to cipher the app rehension of rapidity finely it to a fault conveys glaringness. intelligence informationy does not scarcely indicate maladroitness and too greatness and expansiveness. silent exploitation today the verbal yards frequently together with precise metronome markings be collectable to the expressive qualities world manifested.Vague clearic of travel and promissory strike off of disorderliness volition be the results of unison creation create verb whollyy in front the learning of fussy metronomes. cannonball along is macrocosm indicated as symbols commit the outcome of round of drinks per avert in the organization of metre traces existence unquestionable during the conversion period. Terminologies much(prenominal) as stead unfluctuating importation fast, presto as sprightly and soggyly macrocosmness windy be Italian course indicating pace in the seventeenth century. To the new-made-fashi hotshotnessd musicians, these joint o f honors l maven(prenominal) gave an ambiguous thought of make haste plainly for the enthusiasts of coeval music, impost of gait were taken as fill among composers and closely all walkawayers. stride is an Italian say moment swiftness or movement. At the top left shoetree of the tuneful theater staff, thither could be ground an facial case that indicates how fast or s low the music should be played. This expression could be a word or a metronome marking. Metronome marking is the hail of crush occurring in 60 seconds that measures the pace of music. As an example, hooking=60 centre at that place should be a 60 claw defeat to the minute, that is to say, one .per second. tread is being metrical by groundbreaking electronic metronomes precise accu castly.To roughly performers, they play the stride gibe to their preferences and what jibe their description of the music. Performers who were advance to honorarium more financial aid to airplane pil ot tread markings were ca apply by the noesis of performance confide achieved by academician investigation into before music. At e genuinely one meter, rough former(a) factors be influencing the option of tread, and a hypercritical musical depth psychology close to be similar relies on changes in the fundamental rate end-to-end a composition such(prenominal) as accelerando which content acquiring speedy, decreasing as getting sulky or rubato with a beat that is stringently irregular.The rate of hie is inflexible by its characteristics, performances somatogenic conditions, and the composers catching instructions. forwards the seventeenth century, from the notation, performers knew the specify stride, for stride were cogitate to respect values. The adaption of time signatures and pace label do panoptic a configuration of durations for some(prenominal) note. The time signature gave a describe note one wink, 3/2 gave half(prenominal) pulse 4 /8 gave it two pulses. The rate at which these occurred could be modified by the use of tread markings, such as allegro or slow. A gritty power point of trueness in step indications was do doable by the art of the metronome, a wind that shows the spot of beats per minute.For decelerate or actually decompress pace, backward for strings by barber or triad Sonata in G study by bach be smashing taste blames. Brandenburg Concerto No.6, in B-flat study by bach and Clarinet Concerto in a study by Mozart atomic number 18 good erects for allegro that is crisp, or else prompt. For quite an fall, at quiet footstep that is andante, Mozarts pianissimo Concerto No.21 in C major(ip)(ip) is better(predicate) to be tryed.For sullen, that is super low and solemn, Beethovens Sonata No.8 in C baby bird would be the absolute example. And for silent that is slow and broad, Dvoraks unison No.9 in E youngster as its correspond piece. For fit stride we acce pt slow. For the samples, generate Shostakovichs triad for Violin, Cello, and flaccid or Hindemiths Sonata for Bass, Tuba, and Piano. Mendelssohns symphony No.4 in A major is an slender musical piece for precise(prenominal)(prenominal) firm step which is called presto. For quick and refreshful that is vivace, listen to Clarkes Sonata for genus Viola and Piano,II.There atomic number 18 oodles of pace markings. From the red-hot to slowest, parkland markings let in fast for passing fast, vivacissimamente as the adverb of vivacissimo content precise chop-chop and lively, vivacissimo for truly fast and lively, presto and allegrissimo for actually fast, and vivo as lively and fast. fast is utilise for fast and bright or called as a promenade tempo. allegro moderato for pretty quick, allegretto apply in more or less fast, moderato for moderately, andantino for alternatively faster or long-playing than andante, andante use at a paseo pace, tranquillamante is derived from the adverb of tranquillo substance tranquilly and tranquillo for tranquil.Adagietto is use for quite a slow, adagio for slow and stately, grave for slow and solemn. slow is employ for sooner slackly, slow for very slow, slowly is very slow like largo, largamente largo for broadly and very slow and slow overly for very slow. basically allegro, largo, adagio, vivace, presto, andante and slowly be the few decide linguistic communication apply in markings.The affix issimo when put in the spreadeagle word makes the tempo amplified. ino apply as affix makes the tempo cut down and by adding the suffix etto to the word the tempo becomes endeared. For sudden changes of variant tempo in a piece of music, a new tempo allow be addicted also attach the said(prenominal) way. molto or un poco are cost utilise as modifiers. accelerando is employ when tempo is accelerating or getting faster. ritardando is use when slowing down, rit. when sluggish and ra llentado when piecemeal slower. Poco a poco is employ if pertaining to miniature by flyspeck or step by step speed. Rubato is use when fastness up and at the identical time relaxes in shipway that puts ferocity on the phrasing. Tempo I is used when referring to the sure tempo again.ReferencesFarlex, Inc. (2008). Tempo. RetrievedApril 22, 2008 from

Setting Up a New Business: Business and Marketing Plan

It ensures a besotted to be proactive in anticipating and home operation for commercialize changes out front of cartridge holder. It ensures a craft to be a hint rim and not a undermenti atomic number 53d edge. A everlasting(a) merchandise send off must(prenominal) result answers to questions desire who is the customers, how the overlap surmountows to customers and the intimately utile rule of Implementation. A honor qualified throw go away tell to the foretaste and time to get the results (Makeover, 2008). Everyone In the unwaveringly an omen what leave alone lapse or in store(predicate) association prospects. A go with gets lively for commercialize opportunities and to inhabit health, incessantly brisk for some(prenominal)(prenominal) travel problems.It keeps a military control fix to recognize with surprising events and bring up the best grocery store mix. wideness of traffic excogitate A air political platform is a openhearted of bridle-path interpret for a company. It books goals, visions and benchmarking for your line of reasoning. It gets created with aims of persuading others to take to heart in achieving the curing goals and vision. It should describe only in all the argument concepts, principals, products, designate foodstuffs, and to a fault trends in the food marketplace amongst any others. It a exchangeable compendiums the pecuniary budgets bid sources of bills to lead astray a trading.It delivers the come equal of the commerce, the pass judgment take of returns or profits. It provides an chance to snag on earth of the occupancy and give pulse to the ancestry. A commerce through and through a intent advise survey where the tornado ar, what is working and futurity projections of the and guidance to come off the railway line smoothly. short letter intention is like a calling wag for the line. It should unendingly be able to outline your heading and your identity. Successes and failures be clear highlighted in a stock jut, therefore, great(p) imitate to tell apart and being your work in a remedy way.The peoples owning a business ar do obligated and responsible to all happenings of the business magnanimous tractableness and license to business owners. mop up eyepatch compass up a untried business, one has to distinguish a win over business and trade plan. These ii plans campaign a resilient eccentric in ensuring the business thrives to expectations. stemma plans give monetary proviso date the selling plan gives market strategies to kick downstairs an beautiful market for the products. When these dickens are model together, possibilities of conquest are super high. References Berry, T. (2004).

Analyzing professional reports Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analyzing original s hollow outs - Essay exercisingIn as much as the international companionship has been on a mission to drop homes core leadership, acts of terrorist act continue to evolve.The root quickly points off how leadership losings in Pakistan, atonic governance and essence East mental unsoundness play a significant occasion in accelerating the decentalisation of the Al-Qaida exploit and networks crossways the globe. On a incompatible perspective, the political science cut through states how AQ leadership tends to take a shit trouble in the maintenance of viscidity within the crowds network. Therefore, the convention became operational from core Al-Qaida and instead foc physical exercised on both regional and local objectives. Finally, the organisation tell states how the last(prenominal) years in that location has been an emergence of confuse aggressive Al-Qaida affiliates from Syria, Yemen, Somalia and Northwest Africa. Terrorist effect in y oung years has been provide by several(a) sectarian motivations, which label a disregard that is worrisome specially in countries such(prenominal) as Lebanon, Syria and Pakistan. In these nations, the act of terrorism acts by and large befall the civilian populations.From the government trace on acts of terrorism in 2013, the rhetorical style is a bit squ be(a) in that, the get across has few merely long sentences. The government survey starts by the general definition of how acts of terrorism across the globe dedicate been on the rise. The use of this technique nowadays shows how this picky study is informal not only to the get together States of America citizens simply also to the perfect globe. Alternatively, the report knows exactly how to capture and rent the interests of the readers. This particular report is generally used as a background entropy from the beginning of the report when the Bureau of Counterterrorism makes in this in the particular paragraph -Al-Qaida and some of its affiliates are the main groups lav the acts of terrorism across the globe.Another pedagogy in the report that

Expanding an MNC Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Expanding an MNC - Assignment ExampleFinally this study will focus on future business system for ford to expand their business in mainland China. Table of Contents The Ford Motor Company 4 organizational Culture of Ford Motor 4 Environmental Scanning 5 Political 5 Economical 5 genial 5 Technological 6 Environmental 6 Legal 6 Entry St regularisegy 6 Political Risk 7 Implementation Strategy 7 References 9 The Ford Motor Company Ford travel follow (FMC) is an iconic travel manufacturer in the world. The company is headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, USA. It was founded in 1903 by Henry Ford, Horace E. Dodge and John F. Dodge. FMC was the most sold automobile brand across the world before World War II. Large scale car manufacturing concept was introduced by Ford motors in the year of 1914. Organizational Culture of Ford Motor Proper understanding of attractership skill and management is required to build a successful organization. Top management of the company believes in creati ng a sustainable environment for all. Ford has set a target to reduce 30 % CO2 emission from car within succeeding(prenominal) eight years. The company tries to operate with a small but efficient workforce. They discontinued more than seven thousand underperforming employees in 2008. This is an example of strong leadership quality in terms of ability to take hard decisions. FMC has always tried to design product in a unique way. They use allege of art technology to manufacture automobiles. Organizational culture of Ford can be described in three words- practical, innovative and one that believes in sustainable development (Seligman, n.d.) Environmental Scanning FMC is trying to enter Chinese automobile market. They need to analyze macro environment (considering political, economical, social, technological, legal, environmental condition of a situation country) before planning an entry strategy. Political Communist party is the ruling party in the country. Government has strong c ontrol over print media and electronic media. Political condition of the country is stable due to absence of any major opposition party. China has joined world trade organization (WTO) in 2001. The country has become more open in terms foreign investment after Joining WTO. It takes only thirty seven days to cash in ones chips a new business in china. This type of political condition will help FMC to grow their business in the country. Economical Chinese political relation has direct control over the financial institutes of the country. Government regulates Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) policy. Chinese government has cut down corporate tax rate last year. Ford has the opportunity to save huge amount of money due to low corporate tax policy of Chinese government (Viswanadham, & Balaji, n.d.). Social Literacy rate in china is more than 90% and most of the educated people are aware of international brands. Many international organizations have entered China in recent years. They hav e created employment opportunities for Chinese people. Disposable income of a customer has increased due to rapid industrialization. Technological China is global leader in terms of technological development. Major achievements in the field of science and technology are, building the first atomic reactor, and hydrogen bombs, discovery of the Daqing Oilfield, synthesis of see-through insulin, electronic collider, nuclear power stations etc. Government is trying to develop automobile industry with the help of foreign companies. This condition also supports the market entry

Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Reflection - Essay ExampleThe accent has to be on what one has learnt measured against the outcomes for that p stratagemicular course. This forms the basis for the paper and what I have learnt as far as the requirements for the degree are concerned.As I reflect on the learnings and the way in which the course has been taught, I emotional state that the course has equipped me with several skills that can be used in any real world setting. Apart from the theoretical foundations of what I have learnt, the pragmatic skills that I have picked up would stand me in good stead. The course outcomes are geared towards preparing us for positions of leadership in educational and non-profit sectors with the expectation that we would be able to fulfill the roles in these sectors to the satisfaction of the stakeholders.As with any program that prepares students for managerial roles, the learning outcomes for this degree are tailored in such a way so as to equip us with analytical and problem solv ing skills. That is the bottom line requirement for this course and one that I believe I have mastered to a certain extent.This particular outcome relates to the analysis and use of data about the student community in ending making and its subsequent use by the teachers in forming opinions and perceptions of the students that they teach. The outcomes from this course for me have been training in researching data about students and applying them to aid in decision making.I have benefited enormously from this particular outcome as the course taught me to bridge the gap between theory and practical application. The gap between theory and blueprint has to be bridged and one can aspire to be a leader in any field only when they have successfully mastered the art of applying theory to real world scenarios.I have learnt to use several models of decision making and the inputs that go into each of them along with the necessary tools that aid them. As I have mentioned before, applying rese arch data to real world models

Influences of Language on Society Research Paper

Influences of Language on Society - Research Paper ExampleHowever, for a bourne to qualify as slang for a particular group of heap it has to be accepted by everyone. The people for whom it is meant for must feel cheery generous using it as part of who they are. This is because slang is usually an embodiment of a peoples attitudes, practices, and beliefs. It should make people feel close to each otherwise because of what they have in common. Slang can grow big and even spread to other subcultures and clans based on how popular it has become in the component of its use. It has no limits whatsoever. The requirement for one slang term to survive is that it must be adopted and taken in by as some(prenominal) people as possible. When slang becomes extensive, it is even adopted into society as part of the formal and standard phrase. Now, slang is so much a distinguishing factor of many groups of people that the effect it has in todays society is immense and impossible to ignore. Sad ly enough, the impact is greatly marked by class interval among people who use different types of slang according to their clans of origin. History of slang Slang was invented to reduce the fast-changing rate of both written and spoken language altogether. In the Middle Ages several writers came up with varied pronunciations and dialects which were branded the name slang. ... After all, criminals need to speak in their own coded language which no one, and themselves can understand. However, when its usage began to spread the society as a whole became alarmed. As more and more people adopted the English Criminal Cant, the intellectuals became implicated for the education of their children. Teachers advised their pupils not to indulge in the English Criminal Cant (then, already slang), claiming that it was misuse of English Slang started to be used in well-known plays by scriptwriters. Due to British colonialists many people knew most slang words all over America and Britain. Event s such as the polished war enhanced the spread of slang as well, Scholars were embracing the new language with a positive attitude. Slang as a wholesomeof common humans to escape the form of bald literalism and express it illimitably (Thorne, 26). Slang was developing a new status during that time. People no longer associated it as a language of criminals and foreigners. After the World War 1, society craved entertainment and what better what to entertain that to use slang. Now slang has been diversified in America to pillow slip the needs of different cultures. One of the most common types of slang is the African-American slang. The root of all forms of slang is embedded in other languages. Slang unashamedly borrows words from other languages and twists, others would say corrupts, those into words much simpler, perhaps shorter, and much more easily understood. In short, slang borrows other languages words and changes them into something more comfortable for a set group of people . Majority users of slang in society today Slang is highly widespread in the society today. As mentioned earlier,

Reflection on management Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reflection on commission - Term Paper ExampleBusinesses obligate authoritative social responsibilities that are not covered by most introductory business courses. Although businesses have a role of ensuring their sustainability through profitable operations, they also have a role of maintain social sustainability. However, most business courses emphasize on profit-making and efficient operation strategies. The course provides learners with concrete information about sustainable management and its significance in modern day businesses. Ancient human activities involved exploiting resources from their natural forms or primary level of production. In such economies, commonwealth were not concerned with sustainability since they lived in a world with abundant resources. The course considers this as the sources current management rationalize where businesses are concerned with making of profits. Although this trend is considered as the norm, people are beginning to consider the need for sustainable businesses. Thus, the course is established on modern management trends, which are aimed at sustainable business practices. At the end of the topic, I had acquired sufficient background information on management and managerialism. However, the topic does not provide a basis of unfathomed theories that led to the formation of the current economic blocks. I was interested in information that explains the role of politics and government in shaping worlds management strategies. The second topic covers the move towards modern economies. Need for mass production is the basic aspect that characterized classic businesses in the mid twentieth century. fit in to chapter two of Locke and Spender, businesses in this era were characterized by unbound growth. Unbound growth of population and human wants made people to believe in unbound businesses (Hirschey 132). The industrial revolution provided the foundation for the era since it provided the required element of efficiency. The topic also addresses controversies surrounding modern management practices. This approach provides a foundation for strategic management practices covered in the third topic. The chapter also elaborates the role of modern businesses to the society. Corporate social responsibility is a significant element of modern business. The element of somatic social responsibility signifies the main difference between successful and unsuccessful businesses. The topic illustrates this analogy through case studies covering major global businesses such as Toyota and IBM. However, the businesses have different perspectives on social responsibilities according to the topic. In addition, the companies have experienced a constant transformation in their attitude towards corporeal social responsibility. For instance, Toyota has considerably transformed its management practices in relation to its manufacturing systems and marketing structures. The third topic deals with management as a social scien ce. This topic provides meaty information concerning people based management system and the role of human capital in modern economies. The topic links theories of organization culture the goals and objectives of an organization. In addition, the atopic covers recent developments in the fields of management that makes the subject an essential science. Management science is based on logical conclusion that results in the satisfaction of on the whole sectors of a business. The topic also covers the evolution of economic concepts and measures that are used to measure economic progress of a country. Although I managed through most of the

Movie Response for Japanese film Zatoichi(2003) Review

Response for Japanese film Zatoichi(2003) - Movie Review role modelthe blind samurai represents the oppressed poor society who struggle for equality in the society through the search for justice for the less privileged. The film portrays the hostility in the Japanese society and the role of the samurai in the struggle for enhancing peace in the society.The blind Zatoichi is hired by Sukegoro a gang-leader because of his skills. Yakuza Shigezo, the head of a rich right opposition gang hires a bodyguard with similar skills as Zatoichi with the aim of creating equality in militant powered between the two rivalry groups. However, Zatoichi manages to abrogate Yakuzas body guard and his entire army and fulfills his quest of protecting Ginzo townsfolk and avenging the death of the two geisha siblings father. In the Japanese culture, the samurai is a legendary term used to refer to a wars hero who represents the rights of the oppressed minority. Zatoichi is a film that portrays the exac t description of the Japanese culture through the display of a blind Japanese warrior and his quest to free Ginzo town from oppression by a local Yakuza gang war that has forced residents of the town to pay excessive amount of money for their protection. In this case, the film perpetuates that the term Samurai is a symbolic version of peace inspired by war heroes in the Japanese

UK Policy Makers Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

UK Policy Makers - Case Study ExampleIt is surprising why they do not ask themselves the crucial question who are we work for and whose interest are we serving The answer would surely not be the councilor but the organization.The mean department was formed with the clear objective of providing a medium and a platform whereby the government officials could work in harmony with the developers and come forward with solutions on how to develop property in future, how to grant licenses and facilitating the developers with other such legal matters. However, the current stance of the officials of the planning development is full of negativity and they seek reasons to slump any and all applications irrespective of their compliance or non-compliance with the policies.The councilor himself seems to have no stringent code of conduct whereby he has indulged five times in lobbying and exhausting to influence the planning officer into declining my application for development. If this might be vague in convincing one of his intentions, he even appointed a fleeting planning officer, to cover for Mr. F in his short absence from work, who more than stood up to the expectations of his boss and indulged in racism, negligence and lying , all witnessed by cardinal witnesses with written statements.In the following statements, please take note of the... 1. Abuse of Power/Invasion of Privacy The leave of Mr. F, my case officer and also the someone who had recommended my application for approval, was en-cashed and made use of to suit their own ends and Mr. S. was ordered by Mr. W to take over Mr. Fs responsibilities in his absence. Eager to please his boss, Mr. S wrote an supplicant to refuse the application and to visit the site without prior notice.The question to be asked at this point in time is Is a temporary planning officer, working as a temporary replacement only, entitled to such authority that he can contradict another officers recommendation and write an appeal for the rejection of a caseThe second question that comes to mind is, why was I, being a proprietor and having complete ownership rights of it, not informed prior to conducting such a site visitThe second offence is linked to this unannounced Site Visit.2. Breaking of statutory laws Mr. S, or for that matter any planning officer in his place, is bound by law to issue a notification to the owner 24-48 hours before the site visit.3. Entering Private Property under sullen pretences Mr. S. lied to my tenants about the purpose of their visit and entered the site by mis-informing them -They had my permission to visit the site-They were working in my interest4. Racial Profiling Mr. S on his site visit, disclosed personal information to my tenants in order to get friendly with them to take out information from them about me. Racial dissimilitude or profiling at any level is not encouraged much less from personnel bearing the Government assigned designations.The question to be asked at this le vel is, In effect

Love dying ritual article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Love dying ritual article - Essay ExampleFrom among the figurative languages, the following were famous they are, willy-nilly, in a hookup culture (Raspberry par. 2) to signify that young adolescent students just go with the tide or proceed without any plan in a culture that is apparently pegged as virtually experimenting with relationships scratching my head (Raspberry par. 9) to possibly mean confused, disbelieving or disapproving could have batted my eyes (Raspberry par. 10) to mean to show either surprise or concern among others. The use of figurative language was therefore effective in enticing emotional appeal from the readers. rouse was the Super Bowl of relationships (Raspberry par. 11) and its (referring to sex) just a pickup game (Raspberry par. 11). Evidently, the author did not want to make literal translations of comparing sex to either the Super Bowl or a pickup game but by thinking of some creative facets to compare it with, the readers imagination are thereby suppo sedly stirred and expanded. As such, through the use of metaphors, Raspberry made comparative arguments more exciting.Finally, the author uses a hyperbole or an statement that could be grossly exaggerated dint of ironclad personal values (Raspberry par. 12) when asserting that some youngsters still preserve traditional beliefs. In conjunction with the appropriate tone, which was not in addition serious or too superfluous, the author was able to deliver the intended message with an intermittent injection of humor and wit. Likewise, the appropriate use of emotionally charged language would eventually make readers empathize with those students the author mentioned as going along the flow to supposedly get along (Raspberry 13).Overall, Raspberry used an interplay of rhetorical devises, ranging from the application of figurative language,

Human Resources-Employee Engagement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Human Resources-Employee Engagement - Essay ExampleThe main focus on this report is on employee engagement and evaluating the relationship amidst employee engagement and productivity. Furthermore, a discussion will be carried out showing that organizations pauperization to be updated about the latest trends and changes in Human Resource policies in order to reflect new expectations, which can provide a positive approach towards maximizing productivity in the organization. Employee Engagement Attributes Employee engagement is a phenomenon, which consists of lead attributes attitudes, behavior and outcomes. These ar interlinked with each other and provide a virtuous circle of employee engagement. An employee needs to feel committed (attitude) towards carrying out their duties done proactive use up (behavior) by the way he carries out in his tasks which can provide a result (outcome) in a form of higher productivity with micro or no conflicts. These attributes are caused by orga nizations that engage employees to have a vision towards carrying their responsibilities by dint of elements of mutual trust and understanding. Hence, through employee engagement programs there are improved performances. However, employees cannot be manipulated towards commitment because it may result in disillusionment so it is prerequisite there are scales to review their performances. Employee engagement needs to be measurable so that it can be correlated with the amount of effort an individual puts in performing his tasks (Macey et al., 2011). Employee Engagement and Productivity Employers can play a very effective role in enforcing employee engagement in the organization and use it as a tool to annex productivity. In order to increase the potential of employees, there is a need to incorporate them together by defining the core values and principles of the organization. Productivity can be increased through employee engagement as employees may feel that they are motivated to work towards each other and they may also own the outcome of their performances as they are liable to connect their tasks with the organizational goals. Hence, these engaged employees tend to be more vigilant and have a pro-active relationship with each other and the employer. Communication with employees is necessary in order to engage them and define the purpose of their roles as it creates an engagement, which can help achieve these organizational goals. Employers who take part in engagement through effective communication can drive them to do better jobs. The main focus for employers should be how these individuals can identify themselves. Employers need to provide support to them through rational content as well as at a personal level. Ability of the employer to engage them will also lower turnover in the organization. Employees who feel more engaged with the workforce may find themselves more secured and this employee retention will be cost effective for the organization. In o rganizations, where there is a problem in retention of employees there is a constant need to hire new employees and also carry out their training and development, which may be costly for the organization. Thus, engagement of employees increases the level of satisfaction among individuals, which increases their productivity as well (Albrecht, 2010). Fostering employees towards engagement In order to drive employees towards engagement, there is a need of a strategy through which a culture is developed in which besides judging the person

Student Learning from Preparing and Discussing Two Briefing Papers Essay

Student Learning from Preparing and Discussing Two Briefing Papers - Essay ExampleThe products entangled the designer generation, transmission, distribution, industrial and building systems, and transportation, while the regions consisted of Asia Pacific, Europe and America (Haberberg and Rieple, 2008). For this reason, Bernavik was recognized for creating a fundamentally different model that could be used to organize and get along a large union. Before Bernavik handed over to Goran Lindahl, in 1997, ABB had continued to achieve spectacular results in which its profits had increased nearly four clocks, its employee turnover had doubled, and its return and capital employed had also increased from 12% to 20%, from 1988. However, five years later, after Goran took over the management, ABB started experiencing loses. According to Haberberg and Rieple (2008), the company had a debt of to a greater extent than $4billion and had suffered a loss of about $691 million within five years its survival was hanging in the balance. When Bernavik was the CEO, the company purchased about 200 companies, which were successful and form the basis of global leadership positions. However, the main problem arose after the company decided to purchase an American Industrial boiler manufacture called the Combustion Engineering. As stated by Haberberg and Rieple (2008), after ABB had purchased the company, it was declared that Combustion Engineering insulated its product using asbestos. ... According to Haberberg and Rieple (2008), minimal administration led to lack of standardization of products. The company had four headquarters and about six hundred spreadsheets were being used around the ABB, which made it difficult to share files. In addition, independence of the companies was extremely high. For instance, oneness factory decided to export transformers to Africa, which was not in its Charter. Moreover, CEO Lindahl contributed highly to the problems ABB was facing. First, he si mplified the innovation structure to eight product based divisions, which fade out the regional dimensions from the matrix. According to Haberberg and Rieple (2008), this caused unnecessary political debate and compromised solutions because the managers concentrated on reconciling the demands of the products and regional bosses. Additionally, Lindahl made a decision to exit the transportation and power generation businesses and closed eleven factories in Europe, which led to loss of about 10,000 jobs. Although this helped the company to make a profit, it affected the expansion and productivity of the company. In addition, opposite CEOs who came after Lindahl did not do much to promote the growth of the ABB. For instance, Jurgen Dormann did not know much about the company and the problems it was experiencing by the time he was appointed the CEO. He set up pension funds for the former CEOs Bernavik and Lindahl of $51 and $81 respectively, which affected the financial view of the co mpany. According to Douglas and Wind (2010568), success can only be obtained by developing marketing strategies and products that match the specific characteristics of the international markets. Adopting a uniform

Research typical business plan models Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Research typical line of descent program models - Essay ExampleIt is paramount for a traffic to amaze conclude and this must be intimately elaborated in the executive summary (Doan, 2013). Mission and keys to success are deliverables a business must achieve to be successful. Market Analysis Summary, Strategy and Implementation Summary, Management Summary, Financial Plan and appendix are all available in every model. This is so because the concept of any business is to make a profit and for that to be achieved the above sections must be adequately analyzed. Contrast The contrasts notable in the above layouts lie in of business scope where online businesses entail web plan summary, which is absent in other layouts. The online businesses come with internet risks, and that is the essence of web plan summary to cover information security is properly handled. Another notable contrast type of business (step 3.0) d maven. Businesses that are for service saving must handle service de livery issues, and product showrs also need to handle products issues. There are those businesses that provide services and products such businesses must handle issues pertaining service delivery and goods provision. The strengths and limitations of these models Strengths Models above provide clear road maps for transforming businesses into profitable investments. The executive summaries of the above models are well elaborated. This is a strength consideration since achievement of objectives is based on the executive summary. A thorough market analysis of potential market is significant to producing a strong business plan. Strategy and implementation summaries are essential in a business plan development since they guide processes execution in line with business objectives (Doan, 2013). Management summary is vital in a business plan since a number of resources are integrated to achieve objectives. Providing comprehensive background information about management and executive team is critical to an effective business plan. The plan must clarify the expertise and experiences of management member that translates into fruitful management of the business. Strong business plans comprise all the financial records needed to inventory and compute income projections, cash flow, and expenses. The documents must include financial statements and practical operating budgets. The advantages discussed above concerning the various parts of business plan give strengths of the above models. The geomorphological layout is another strength that must be noted since systematic approach of a plan is essential. Executive summary then consequentially followed by company, business type, market analysis, strategy and implementation, management and lastly financial plan summary is chronological steps essential for business plan. Limitations The models limitations involve implementation issues whereby after they have been properly designed entrepreneurs do not adhere to requirements. The se models are restricted to small businesses and also one kind of activity. The models may not work well with businesses that entail diversifications and large corporations. The models also lack regulations part as this is a crucial compliance issue that businesses must fulfill. It might be considered in one of the subsections, however, could be more elaborative on its on summary. Comparison of these models to the business plan models in either Microsoft Project or Apple Merlin

Curriculum in a Learning Institution Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Curriculum in a Learning Institution - Assignment ExampleAccording to Freire (2014), most the course of study fails due to lack of consideration of the learners in the process of designing curricula. This, in turn, serves to exclude some of the students from the positive learning process. The main need of education in providing cognition to transform the society remains left out. For a curriculum to be inclusive, the students ought to kick in an opportunity of dialoguing with their teachers or mentors. Nevertheless, the act of dialogue must have love, bravery, and critical thinking. Designing curricula that spare students to have a dialogue with their teachers are fundament in transforming learning process. This kind of education from humanist educator allow for the transformation of both educator and students. Students need to be oppressed in to love what they are being taught.Learning is the fundamental right to any tyke and I had the privilege of attending a public school. In my personal learning experience, I knew early enough what I had to in school. Being in the old classrooms for hours did not bother that much. I had a passion for education with an aim of becoming a better citizen to build the nation. I spent hours perfecting my knowledge in various subjects except for mathematics that proved torturous to my brain. I tried to spend lesser time in trying to understand the formulas and concept. I had completely lost interest in the subject and perhaps it was due to my arrogant teacher. He had least humility to discuss any difficulty we go through in his subject imposing fear among us. I developed the negative attitude towards the teacher and lost interest in the subject he taught. Assessing the resultant of my mathematics teacher to my learning influence, it is clear to me that teachers and school leader have roles in the impact of students attitude towards learning. If the teachers embrace, the dialogue in their teachings and enable interaction soon er than imposing their knowledge on the students (Freire, 2014).

To What Extent Was the Effectiveness of Transition Strategies Essay

To What Extent Was the Effectiveness of Transition Strategies Dependent on the Initial Conditions of the Transition Economies - Essay ExampleThe ever-changing economic landscape in the last century has brought with it considerable political and social change. In terms of theoretical and scholarly research some of the more or less prominent considerations bring forth been in terms of the shift between developing, emerging, and first lands. Within this context of understanding one recognizes that a central area of clientele has been transition economies. Transition economies are those where a nation is shifting from a centrally planned miserliness to a free market. Within the modern world environment this has become a highly complex notion as nations such as China have seemingly transcended traditional bounds of the centrally planned economy and combined state-sponsored industries with aspects of the free market. Still, to a large degree the traditional structural boundaries of th e transition economy still hold. This essay considers the extent that the forcefulness of transition strategies is dependent on the initial conditions of the transition economies.RussiaWhile the subject of transition economy strategies is complex and multi-varied, one of the central understandings is that there has been considerable inequality regarding success among these transition countries. One recognizes that while there may be no objective or prescriptive approach to successful transition, one of the close to thematic elements has been that the most successful transition economies have been linked to the success of the initial conditions of the transition economy. This is a complex notion that demands deconstruction. One of the major considerations in these regards has been the Russian transition approach. While theorists disagree as to the original state of the Russian centrally controlled g all overnment, to a great degree the original conditions were stark. Following the stale War with the United States and Western powers, Russian experienced a state of considerable economic decline. To a great degree it seems that many of the earlier challenges carried over to the post transition period. As one might expect countless literature has been written on Russias transition, still there are a number of notable considerations. Roland (2004) links one of the primary challenges to the lack of anatomical structure in Russias original socialist system. While one would consider that a centrally controlled system would have stringent controls, it appears that to a degree this didnt occur in Russias socialist practice. It is noted that the government had only centrally planned for approximately 100 goods, when in reality there was over 12 million that needed to be accounted for (Roland 2004). The cumulative effect particularly in Russia, but also in many other socialist economies, was that there emerged a market where quality products were not a concern, becaus e the market consistently had shortages. This structure extended to workers as the sellers market ensured they were always well employed. When the transition period arose these issues came to the forefront, as entrenched enterprises and workers viewed the changes as a threat. Crime and rotting One of the major problems that arose in transition economies, particularly in Russia, was organized crime. While the emergence of these crime institutions surely had a complex array of reasons, it seems plumb plausible that the dissonance created in the transition between the earlier sellers market period and the later free market may have totald to a higher propensity of individuals willing to participate in such activity. These occurrences attest to a level of carry over from dysfunctions in the pre-free market economy that would indicate that the original state of the economy has a direct impact on transition strategies. Boerner & Hainz (2009) support the notion that inefficient pre-libe ralization economic states directly contribute to later era corruption practices. Specifically,

Justification program Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Justification program - Essay Exampleven the most conscious commercial kitchen operations consider kitchen wastes as undesirable besides inevitable part of the fare expenditures that cost hospitals 4 to 8 percent in terms of food wastages (Chardoul & Coddington, 2012). In my investigation on the kitchen operations, I have noticed that nutrition and the presence of malnutrition are very vital in the overall treatment and care of our patients. However, I have spy that some food is not being eaten, that is, it is going to waste as a result, it is not contributing to nutrition (Bauers, 2011). I think that all the food reduction measures especially the ones that affect the portion sizes, should be considered in consultation with the hospital nutritionists. I think inclusion of an effective intellectual nourishment Waste broadcast will be important in the kitchens, canteens and in the wards.After tracking down the sources of these organic wastes, I have noticed that most of them were e manating from pre and post consumer sources in the food areas. Note that some of these food wastes are in two categories Non-perishable and unspoiled perishable foods (Perry, 2014). When serving, some patients may not report for meals and these foods are returned to the kitchen, but still considered as waste. As a result, managers start seeing volume of food waste generated and the costs to take the large bins away. I think that with the Food Waste Program, such wastage can be minimized by taking the food back to the kitchen. Nevertheless, I think I will like to diagnose a distinction of the types of foods that can be taken back to the kitchen. Some types of food wastes have no value such as meat bones and onions. Conversely, there are those referred as valuable food wastes and I have observed that they are being generated both in service of the patients and at the canteens. For example, I have seen there are unserved food wastes, untouched food wastes and plate wastes. For the un touched food wastes, for example, comprise the plated food that has

English as a Second Language Essay Example for Free

side of meat as a Second Language EssayAmerica is truly a big(p) nation. With whole its progress, everyone outside the country desire to live and migrate in this country. In fact, it has become a favorite migration destination aside from Canada, Australia and New Zealand. Thus, in every city in America, there be communities of people with diverse culture and origin. Hence, this paper attempts to dissect the policies world implemented by the government concerning English as a second language in America.HistoryThe history of Bilingual Education in the join evidences can be traced in the introduction of America as the nations founder adopted neither an official language nor a government-sanctioned body to govern speech (Ovando, 2003, p. 1). Carlos T. Ovando of the Arizona State University reveals that behind the monolingual culture image of America, thousands of other American Indian languages were spoken in the 15th century, paving for the complexities and diversities i n the linguistic culture of America. unless Ovando says, most of these languages were filtered along with their cultural realities, as the founders envisioned a country with a unified history, traditions, and a common language (2003, p. 2). Ovando noted that this vision was establish in general on the English system and give lessonsing practices (2003, p. 2). But, language indemnity controversies from the beginning not prevented the founders to enforce a mono-language system or to regulate speech (2003, p. 2).During that succession European language particularly Spanish was dominant that they were treated with respect more likely than others, and their speaker being accommodated in school and government services. Ovando calls this formative period as the period of linguistic tolerance because of the absence of strong and solid policy on language diversity (Ovando, p. 3). As the influx of immigrants from European countries continuous, diversity of language continuous to widen as i mmigrants hang on to their maternal languages.Thus, in the 19th century, laws were passed authorizing Bilingual Education. American states were allowed bilingualist guidances in public and private schools (Ovando, p. 4). Research Many individual Americans were so concerned to have a national language and this reflected in the guideword one country one language (Ovando and Willey as cited in the work of Reid and Bourne, p. 141). The most notable was Noah Webster who attempted to create a unique national ack at a timeledgment defined by common American English (Ovando and Willey as cited in the work of Reid and Bourne, p. 41).Their desire must be legitimate since English language has now been spoken around the world by astir(predicate) 1. 5 billion people. That means, English language has now become global and a stand as a medium of communication world wide. Thus, there is a pauperism to teach English on schools not only in America provided in every country of the world. Jill B ourne and Evan Reid pointed out that because of English is widely spoken it has a wide range of context from air-traffic control down to popular music (p. 161).These according to Reid and Bourne create a need to learn English language to be able to communicate internationally. In the report make by Patricia Anne DiCerbo, throughout America, many foreign students are enrolling ranging from elementary to high schools, whichs common reason is migration from many parts of the world and the dominant concourse among other groups is the Spanish-speaking people who are mostly coming from Latin America. She also noted that this group of students is the fastest growing group in the United States.These students are facing a lot of challenges in terms of academic performance because of language barrier. This problem points some problems for instance, in her (DiCerbos) report, about fifty-fifty per centum of Latino Youth are having the opportunity to graduate or finish high school. This simpl e report gave DiCerbo a perception that English Language development should be given to foreign students. Ovando in the book English Language Learning in America pointed out some reasons or fears why English language is now being pushed (as cited by Reid and Bourne, p. 138).A lot of Americans are worried about the influx of immigrants from Latin America for fear they may pose threat to the cultural integrity of the nation. There are common concerns that American cities will be filled with Spanish or German-speaking aliens and they live for historic period speaking only their own mother tongue and will never learn English (Reid and Bourne, p. 138). Another thing is that they fear that foreign language speakers may weakened the national body of politics as what had happened in Quebec, Canada because of the dominant French speaking aliens.Ovando quoted Governor Dick Lamns statement emphasizing the need to make English the official language in schools and in government. The statement said immigrants who fail to assimilate in the society are social time bombs. Finally, Ovando emphasized that in order for any one to get ahead one has to be silver-tongued in English (p. 138). In view of the higher up historical background, there is no reason to reject English Language Learning for it does in the first place, emphasize the need for everyone to learn and be fluent in English.Carrasquillo and Rodriguez said that ELL students are encouraged to learn academic and skills in English (p. 20). English Language Learning according to them means only of forward simultaneously in the stages of developing interpersonal skills, mastering subject area content and skills, and acquiring academic language proficiency for each subject area, all in their second language which is English (Carrasquillo and Rodriguez, p. 0). Through retention of ELL, limited English proficient students are given the opportunity to cope up deficiencies in learning using English as medium of communicati on. Theory For us to be able to make a conclusion regarding the issue of bilingual policy in education, it would be important to understand the theoretical argument regarding this matter.There are various theories about bilingual policies of the United States but as blank constraint, this paper cited only one surmise although, there are several theories that discussed about bilingual education in the United States such as theory of Kloss (1977-1988) regarding the tolerant mood during the formative long time Baron (1990) emphasizing on slight development of English Language for the past two hundred years REcinto (1998) which is talking about poor language minorities. It is easy to agree that these theories help in understanding language policies, especially on making conclusion about the issue.As Ovando pointed out that history is full of evidence that support any of these theories. The theory of Heath (1983-1990) tells us that the relationship between the literacy practices from e ach fellowship corresponds near to the literacy practice and expectation of the school. Heath found out that children from other community with English as their second language excel in their own community but fell behind in school. These children are perceived as lacking in school readiness skills at the point of entry.This means that children having inbred language aside from English would have poor academic performance because of language deficiencies which supposed to be not since curriculum-wise, American schools are better. Foreign students are having deficiency in terms of literacy level because of racial division or factor. Conclusion America is an English-speaking nation and English language is the internationally real language. It is the sovereign right of America to enforce to its citizens the use of their tongue as official medium of instruction both in public and private, as wholesome as in government.Language is very important and it is a unifying instrument of a nation. After centuries of tolerance, it is high time that America unites its citizens by being monolingual. This is highly important since America has become the convergence of many nations such as African, Asians, European and other languages in the world. If each of the foreign community backing in the United States will use instructional materials in their native tongue, as well as use it as a medium of instruction inside the classroom, America is in danger of breaking into pieces their culture and language.In the same way, the government offered the ELL as a means to help immigrant students to cope up with the difficulty of speaking English in the classroom. This training provides necessary practices and lesson in order to develop communication skills among the students. Also, ELL is offered in all schools in America as part of the curriculum of students whose native language is not English. Thus, the ELL is thoroughly learned and mastered through which, students learn mastery of the language as well as skills of communication in English. In the words of Carlos Ovando, children need to learn the English language for them to get ahead.

Basic Cash Management Process Essay Example for Free

Basic Cash Management Process EssayEvery company muckle be viewed as a bills pool into which funds flow from various sources. Several techniques are used to speed the collection of such funds. Conversely, cash flows out of the pool for payables and other outlay reasons. An important aspect of cash management is to control tightly both cash inflows and outflows. When cash inflows exceed cash outflows, surplus cash builds up. This surplus can be used to repay debts or for investment in marketable securities. Alternatively, when outgoing funds exceed the inflow, the firm must raise money by borrowing or by selling some marketable securities. THE CONCEPT OF FLOATA cash managers job is to make payments to others as slowly as possible and to convert into cash or clear payments received from others as quickly as possible. The reason is fluff, the most important element of cash management. vagabond is the amount of uncollected funds moving through the financial transfer strategy. It shows up as the difference between the balance shown on a firms checking number and the balance on the banks books. For example, suppose a firm writes, on average, $100,000 of checks daily. If it takes four days for checks to clear and be deducted from the firms bank balance, the firms own books will show a cash balance that is $400,000 less than the banks records indicate. The firm has the use of these funds, called disbursement float, as long as this situation persists.On the other hand, the firm loses the use of check-clearing float one component of collection float on the checks that it has deposited in its account but that have not yet cleared. Suppose the firm deposits $90,000 in checks every day, and these checks clear in three days on average. The firms books then show cash balances that are $270,000 larger than the banks books indicate. Thus, the firms net float the difference between its $400,000 disbursement float and its $270,000 check-clearing float is $130,00 0. This means that the firms actual cash balance is $130,000 greater than its recorded cash balance. The firm can invest or otherwise pass by these excess funds. The float on an individual item can be measured in dollar-days and is calculated as the amount of the check figure by the number of days of delay until that check clearsAlternatively, the average daily float can be calculated as the average daily receipts multiplied by the average delay in collecting each dollar. The average delay in collecting a dollar equals the total dollar-days of float divided up by the total amount received during the period or Average DelayThe existence of float lies at the core of every system designed to accelerate, decelerate, or control corporate funds. By reducing collection float, the corporate treasurer can accelerate cash flow and enhance the return on current assets. Similarly, corporate cash flow may be improved by increasing disbursement float.The value of decreasing collection float or increasing disbursement float is tied to the opportunity cost of funds. It can be measured as Value of air bladder = Dollar Amount of Float propagation Time times Interest Rate For example, suppose a firm can reduce the collection time on $5 meg of receivables by three days. Assuming that it will invest this money at an annual cheer rate of 10 percent, it will earn interest at a rate of .10/365 per day on the $5 million. Therefore, the value of a three-day reduction in collection float is $5,000,000 times 3 times 0.10/365 = $4,109.59If collections normally average $5 million daily and the company managed to reduce the float permanently by three days, it would then be able to free up $15 million in working capital. At 10 percent interest, this reduction in float is worth $1.5 million ($5,000,000 times 3 times .10) annually. Using a 10 percent discount rate, the present value of this permanent reduction in float is $15 million ($1,500,000/.10). Reworking this example with a diffe rent interest rate, say 6 percent, reveals that if the company can permanently free up $15 million in working capital, its shareholders will be $15 million richer ($900.000/.6), regardless of the interest rate. In other words, the value created by a permanent reduction in float is independent of the interest rate.Collection FloatCollection float is the time that receivables spend in the process of being collected. It consists of the following four elements1.Invoicing float is the interval from the time a company creates an invoice and mails it to the customer until the customer places the payment in the mail. During this phase angle of the collection cycle, the cash manager has no control over the funds. 2.Mail float, the next phase in the cycle, is the time taken by the U.S. Postal Service to deliver the customers check. 3.Having received payment, the company experiences processing float, the flow of the check through the companys accounting system on its way to be deposited. 4.Fi nally, there is check-clearing float. This is the time it takes to clear each check deposited. Invoicing float may be reduced only by changing the payment terms. The other three types of float are controllable. A.2 discusses the various means to accelerate the collection of funds. Exhibit A.1 illustrates the various types of collection float.

The Solar System And The Earth Essay Example for Free

The Solar System And The Earth EssayTHE SOLAR CYCLE AND ITS EFFECT ON THE EARTHThe exercise of the sun can trigger earthquakes. The solar flares also acquire the capability of altering the length of the day. on that point exists a correlation between solar activities and weather. There is a correlate between various geophysical phenomena, volcanic eruption, earthquake, solar activities and the length of the day.DYNAMICS OF A PHOTON Photons are often described as wavelets because a single photon covers only a very small amount of space (www.play-hookey.com) .A photon of light is produced when light from a source (sun, etc) of an distinguish frequency (threshold frequency) impinges on the pinch or metal surface, a phenomenon referred to as the photoelectric effect. The light impinging on the metal surface could be UV or infrared rays of appropriate frequency.The number of emitted electron varies from one atom to the other due to the difference in the characteristics intensity of light. The more the intensity of the light, the more the number of emitted electron or photon of light. Another reason for the difference in the amount of photon of atoms in the periodic chart is due to the difference in the mass.The heavier the atom, the more the no emitted electron.In the same vena the energy of the emitted electron depends on the frequency of the impinging light rays.SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES OF THE VARIOUS COMPONENTS OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUMInfrared rays and radio waves carry less energy per photon than visible light. They have low frequency and high wavelength. On the contrary, UV rays, x ray and gamma rays have high frequency and low wavelength. All travel at the same speed as light. The difference lies in the difference in the wavelength .X rays have found their use in medicine as they penetrate homo body. Radio waves have weak penetrating power. Visible light can pass through transparent objects e.g. glass.USE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM TO DETERM INE COMPOSITION AND accomplishment OF STAR Today its been possible to determine the chemic composition of the stars. The valuable tool to do this is via spectroscopy (i.e. the study of a thing utilize spectra) .Astrophysics and spectroscopy are closely related. Astrophysics is the aspect of astronomy that deals with the physical properties of stars, galaxies and other astronomical objects (Astrophysics on astronomical.org) .Sunlight can be separated into its various colors via a prism. Dark lines in the spectrum indicate areas with little or no light. On the earth similar line could be seen with hot gases spectra. These patterns correspond to specific element.The chemical elements in the sun which is mainly hydrogen are also found on planet earth. The vast similarities in the absorption line of sun and the stars run short to the conclusion that the stars composed majorly of helium and hydrogen with traces of other elements. So many information is revealed by the absorption line pattern of stars. A large scene of action of stellar spectra contains absorption lines .The star essential be made up of an outer part which is less dense, cooler and atmospheric and also the inside must be hot and denser and produces a continuous spectrum. The temperature of the earth is inversely proportional to the distance from the earths centre. Stars lack molten interior as remote to what is observed in other planets. The denser part is also gaseous because of the high temperature. From EM spectrum it appears to us as if the stars (and sun, planet and moon) rotates around us. On a casual basis, it arises in the east and set in the west. This is the diurnal motion. Works CitedKen, Bigelow.Characteristics of a Photon.(1996, 2000-2007)Retrieved from www.play-hookey.com on Sept. 27, 2008.Scientia Astrophysical Organization.Astrophysics and Astronomy.Retrieved from www.Astrophysical.org on Sept 27, 2008.

Comparison of War on Terror with the Cold War

Comparison of state of war on Terror with the Cold fightDoes the globose war on Terror inaugurated by George W. Bush redeem similarities to the Cold War?Since 2001, academics and the joined States administration ease up continuously compared the war against solicitudeism to the Cold War. The meetings that the United States and its allies experienced during the war against communism in the Cold War and, more recently, the War on Terror arguably share signifi posteriort similarities. Although there is signifi squeeze outt debate across academia, some argue that Terrorism is the new Communism which similarly seeks to challenge and overthrow Western ideas and the whole structure of the unsubtle democratic world order. Others, among them revisionist historians, Claim that the main similarity between the Cold War and the War on Terror is the desire of the US to benefit from conflict, trespass and secure other countries in its economic structures for own benefit. However, even th ough these are world-shaking arguments, there has been a signifi heapt rise of discourse that seeks to scatter the War on Terror from other conflicts, including the Cold War, stating that it is a new kind of war which symbolises a profound social trans makeup in the present-day(a) globalised world. For the purpose of this essay I summarise the nature of the War on Terror and its prevalent similarities to the Cold War. After that I present arguments stating that the War on Terror is in fact signifi faecestly different.After 9/11 the Bush administration urged the theme polity to strengthen the core need to heighten on a stronger homeland defence. The Department of Homeland Security was established as a movement toward centralisation of security at a national level. The 2002 National Security Strategy (NSS) relied on force and accomplish to uphold international standards, unlike the previous years where leadership through co-operation was emphasised instead. arguably that was the case because of the change of the nature of threat that was exerted on the US. Before the War on Terror the threat was to American values, whereas now the threat was a broadcast more serious, questioning survival. In the 1990s the United States were involved in peace and humanitarian operations, supporting and extending American values worldwide. 2001, however, symbolised a shift in world order which directly stakeed non just the United States yet excessively its allies in Europe and elsewhere (Vrooman, 2004 82).The United States were go about with a new type of war a war without an easily identifiable enemy, which was non tied to a nation-state as we would traditionally expect (NSS, 2002 5). This represent a number of problems with deterrence The impossibility of destroying an enemy in a single manoeuvre, difficulty of identifying the enemy, and possibility of a costly counter-attack by the enemy. Terrorist groups were thought to have the ability, with the help of modern t echnology, to communicate while staying in the shadow, coordinating strategies and tactics. This allowed them to be extremely decentralised and elusive while at the said(prenominal) era have the ability to act simultaneously for great effect. The attackers were further seen to be mobilised by a common ideational standpoint fanatical militarism legitimised through interpretation of phantasmal texts in a certain right smart. This posed a serious problem as the attackers could not be negotiated with and shared little of the ideas the west and America had (Vrooman, 2004 83). What we can deduct from this is that the War on Terror now had a more direct dimension, posing physical threat to the United States while at the same time being strongly ideological systemal in nature, showing a confrontation of civilizational ideas (Stokes, 2003 571). It also meant that, because the attackers could not be intimidated or discouraged by the cost that their attacks would incur upon themselves, t hat the potential magnitude of terrorist attacks was unprecedented and had to be dealt with similarly unprecedented force.While the War on Terror has become a main(a) focus of the United States in the aftermath of 9/11, 2001, with the Bush doctrine, it was largely carried out as continuation of exiting struggles that the U.S. faced in the middle-east during the Cold War, particularly during Reagans presidency in the 1980s. The Reagans administration, during that time, was also expected of reacting quickly and as a result drafted umpteen concepts, that were later used in the Bush doctrine, such as identifying terrorism as a radiation diagram of warfare and not crime, or fighting regimes that could be seen as sponsors of terror earlier than inter-state or multinational organisations (Toaldo, 2012 3, Tirman, 2006 3). Elements of the War on Terror, including fatal terrorist strikes, were present during the Cold War. Therefore, we can expect that the experience gained by the U.S. g overnment during the Cold War would reciprocate into the post-2001 War on Terror (Smart, 2005).The desire to be influential, rather than coercive through hard power, was seen as the main weakness that led to the increase of terrorist threat. In the late half of the 1980s the secretary of state, George Shultz would actively advocate for a more aggressive stance, focusing on Libya in 1986. Scandals during the time made office officials leaning towards isolationism slight inclined to act in this new manner. These ideas, however, would inspire the Bush administration in 2001 (Toaldo, 2012 5), revolving around maintaining a physical presence of military mightTo be safe, the US must be strong, with strength measured by readily available military might. Yet merely possessing military power does not suffice. Since perceptions casting reality, the US must leave others in no doubt as to its willingness to use power. Passivity invites aggression. Activism, if successful, enhances credibilit y (A. Bacevich, 2011).The US administration was interested in maintaining a foothold in the middle-east throughout the entire cold-war period, and the emphasis of the Bush doctrine on its importance is nothing new. The middle-east was an area of confrontation between the two superpowers of the time The USSR and USA. The US identified the nations in the percentage as either violent radicals or moderate reformists, with the latter being their allies. Interestingly, the distinction originally used to categorise between areas of US and Soviet influence, saw a revival after 9/11, just now this time with terrorists taking the place of the soviets. The philosophy of with us or against us that was so prominent during the Cold War remained a crucial factor affecting US involvement and unusual policy in the region (Harling and Malley, 2010).What is fundamentally different with the new War on Terror, from the acts of terror that happened during the Cold War, is that it was no longer seen within the limits of being a tool in the globular Cold War, but an enemy in itself, since the threat of terrorism did not go a government agency with USSR. The US was once again motivated to take action as soon as it saw a threat to the primacy of American ideals and its status as an absolute superpower (Toaldo, 2012 23). The War on Terror continues the bequest that was conceived with the Cold War as there are affinities between terrorism and totalitarianism both regard violence as an appropriate means to their political ends Both reject the basic moral principles of Judeo-Christian civilization(Jeanne Kirkpatrick in Toaldo, 2012 24). Indeed, for the US, similarly to Middle-Eastern terrorists the oriental Russian mind was viewed to do nothing more than play to be civilized and use this false image to work discretely in achieving its own barbaric ends (Kennan, in Hutchings and Miazhevich, 2009 4).Larry Diamond (2002) categorizes terrorist groups that pose a threat to the US as the new Bolsheviks due to their struggle against the same elements of leading capitalist nations that the old Bolsheviks struggled against corrupt, exploitative alliances and imperialism supported by the West with US in charge. This logic is prevalent among large sections of the Muslim world, outside of terrorist groups, that was spared the benefits of post-Cold War world order led by US, because of corruption. Terrorist attack on the World Trade Center can therefore be seen as a symbol of a revolution, similar to that which happened in Russia in 1917Like Hitler, Lenin and other charismatic demagogues before him (ideological enemies of the US), Osama bin wet offers and alluring explanation It is the fault of Jews, of the international capitalist system, and of the United States and the globalizing order it is imposing (Diamond, 2002 2).As the War on Terror developed, some academics went as far as to see its development a representation of a new Cold War, between post-Yeltsin Russia and the US-led West. Russia was blamed for its involvement in Afghanistan which resulted in formation of Al Qaeda, and the West, primarily the US, was blamed for providing the conditions necessary for terrorism to flourish through its intervention in Iraq and desire to form and maintain a form of imperialistic hegemony. In this case, terrorism, even though not under control of any of the sides, can be seen to function as a source of inveterate competition and friction between the US and post-soviet Russia. (Hutchings and Miazhevich, 2009 2).The us versus them, shows that during the Cold War and after it with the War on Terror, there is a continuity of an ideological confrontation based on competing ideas. Some writers (revisionist historians such Chomsky, Gaddis, Stokes, J. and G. Kolko), took that further, to argue that behind the ideological confrontations which were, and still are so obvious, is hidden the true purpose of the perpetuating conflict of the US with the rest of the non- Western world. They see the confrontation as being in place to justify broader geoeconomic interests of US capital. They argue that all along it was not the containment of communism, but rather more directly the extension and expansion of American capitalism, according to its new economic power and needs (Kolko J., and G., 1972 23). Therefore, we can see the Cold War as structural feature of a much longer period of exploitative relations between advanced capitalist economies and less developed, poorer nations.In order for the US economy to progress after the end of the Cold War confrontation between USSR and US and not stagnate, it had to find another front for its military-industrial complex which generated significant revenue and economic growth for the US. Massive military spending was once again justified when the War on Terror was brought to the table. Between the Cold War and the War on Terror there was a confrontation with Latin American countries which symbolized the continu ity of economic interests as guiding foreign policy of the US. Latin America, being rich in natural resources, saw great amounts of US influence which ensured control over the area, preventing egalitarian socioeconomic reform that could potentially threaten US interests (Stokes, 2003). Us involvement in regional governments can be seen with the case of Colombia in the context of the Drug War in 2000 (Stokes, 2003 577). Arguably we can see that ideology was not the only common theme present in the Cold War and the War on Terror, but there was also a geoeconomic rationale that was guiding US foreign policy from within in both wars. The US was not only interested in promoting democracy, but also in constructing a capitalist world order conductive to its interests (Chomsky, 1997).War on Terror also poses some new challenges to US irrelevant Policy, and it is a weakness to discuss it simply from the premise of ideological confrontation and structural, geoeconomic standpoint without givi ng the necessary attention to its unique nature. Indeed, some scholars do not find the link between US foreign policy during the Cold War and War on Terror convincing. The War on Terror can also be seen resulting from a completely new development in social conditions connected with globalization due to a bridge between industrial and Information Age. Therefore the war is no longer about ideas or the economy, but against competing global structures symbolized within terrorism. Al Qaeda has become a instigator resembling the corruption of Western ideas. Modern Western society now has terrorist networks within its borders with many young terrorists born within its countries fighting against it through symbols of Islam. This is, perhaps, a precise important distinction between the Cold War, which was fought between two distinctive camps, and the War on Terror. US foreign policy makers understand this, as globalization and its impacts are discussed within National Security Strategy (Sm art, 2005 3).What is important however is that the American policy-makers still fail to understand the fact that terrorist groups are often not acting as a single organization within a centralized or decentralized structure, they act self-sustainingly from each other. In Hardt and Negris empire (2000), the multitude (or people of the modern proletariat) struggle against capitalism independently yet, at the same time, as a group. They do not communicate or organize, but pursue own small goals against the capitalist empire system which add on to a greater picture and together represent a greater struggle. What is profoundly different about the War on Terror from the Cold War is that it pioneered this very same principle within terrorism of many independent actors forming a greater struggle against a system (in this case the Western civilization) through their independent and autonomous actions.Similarities can, without doubt, be seen in US foreign policy during the Cold War and the W ar on Terror. However these similarities are present even between the two wars, suggesting a pattern for US approach to foreign policy. Ideological, civilizational struggle, going as far as to claim it is still against Russia and America, can be used to describe the stance of US foreign policy in both conflicts just as well as structural economic and internal factors. However, reducing to these two points does not allow us to explain wherefore the US has seen relatively low success in its fight against terrorism. It is a failure to identify the War on Terror in the same way the Cold War has been identified, since the first is fought on a new, rather obscure battleground that we do not yet fully understand against a highly decentralized enemy which is not embodied in any physical representative and works from within modern liberal society, against it. No matter how many similarities there are between the Cold War and the War on Terror, the US cannot fall into a trap of dealing with Terror the same way as it dealt with Communism as this is likely to never remove it, if not make it an even more significant threat.BibliographyBacevich, A. (2011), Secretary of Self-Defence, Financial Times, 13 February.Chomsky, N. (1997), The Political-Economic Order. In World Orders, Old and New. Pluto Press London.Diamond, L. 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